1 Power Operation Power Monitoring System Introduction
Power operating power monitoring system is generated with the automation of power system. The system can monitor the parameters of AC power supply, DC control power supply, standby power supply and switch status in substation, fault alarm and other operations. In this way, the abnormal situation of the power system can be found in time, and precautionary measures can be taken in advance to ensure the continuous and reliable operation of the power system. At the same time, when the power system fails, relay and circuit breakers and other secondary equipment to provide backup power to protect the equipment.
Battery inspection device is a backup power detection device, the main function is to single battery voltage, temperature, capacity and other parameters to detect, provide charge control and fault alarm and other functions, which can reasonably control the battery and extend battery life , Improve system reliability.
Power monitoring system started in the late 1980s, when it can only monitor a separate DC power supply system or a station (station), and the power monitoring level is not high, less reliable. In the 1990s and especially in recent years, along with the rapid development of computer and communication technologies and the improvement of power supply equipment, power supply monitoring has gradually matured to the point where it can monitor multiple circuits and even multiple systems.
Electric power monitoring system with reasonable control , by controlling the high voltage circuit breakers and relay other electrical equipment , can fully realize the safe operation of the power system and automatic scheduling to meet the needs of modern power dispatch.
2 system design
This power management instrument is mainly used for the monitoring and management of the operating power and standby power of small and medium sized substations. In order to better save the energy of the backup battery, the MSP430F149 microcontroller with low power consumption is selected as the processor of the equipment.
2.1 sampling module
AC module uses ATT7022B AC three-phase energy metering devices to deal with AC part of the active power, reactive power, harmonics, voltage, current and other parameters. ATT7022B price is cheaper, and has SPI (serial peripheral interface, serial peripheral interface) interface, can easily communicate with the MSP430F149 microcontroller.
Switch monitoring, including AC circuit breaker opening and closing state (main and backup power a total of two), AC control power supply 8, DC circuit breaker status.
DC flow monitoring, including the ambient temperature, battery temperature, microcontroller temperature, single battery voltage, DC power supply 2, operating voltage and closing current.
2.2 man-machine interface module
The keyboard is the main source of input. In order to save costs, the system uses a matrix keyboard to achieve scanning, using Chinese liquid crystal display.
2.3 communication module
As a single-chip with a UART, so the use of RS-232 serial communication with the host computer to achieve communication. In order to achieve with the host computer level matching, using SP3220E as interface level converter. Equipment process shown in Figure 1.
According to Figure 1, from AC voltage to DC voltage in the order of introduction of the system process.
Battery management. The rectified voltage is generally higher than the battery voltage for charging the battery pack. When it is used for working power supply, it can be bucked through the diode. K1, K2 and other switches are used to select the voltage drop value, which is controlled by the process Control, the processor battery status of a single battery tour inspection, real-time response to the battery status, easy to keep abreast of the battery status.
AC parameter detection. The system uses a dedicated energy metering device ATT7022B to detect the AC grid voltage, current, active power, power factor, harmonics and other parameters and connected to the microcontroller through the device's SPI interface.
Management system and the host computer to communicate in serial mode. Host computer can detect this system, and can modify the control parameters in order to achieve telemetry, remote communication, remote control, remote control and other four remote control functions.
Device hardware structure shown in Figure 2. Its main function modules include:
(1) Monitor the parameters such as voltage, current and harmonic of AC bus, sample the AC circuit, process the discrete data (20 cycles per cycle), calculate the active power and reactive power of the line, and The power factor of the line. These features can be achieved using an ATT7022B.
(2) to monitor the rectified DC operation power supply line. Monitor its voltage, closing current and operating power supply is faulty and so on. At the same time, you can monitor the voltage obtained as the basis for the automatic voltage regulator diode to achieve the operating power automatic sub-file regulator.
(3) Patrol detection of standby operation power supply (battery), understanding of battery capacity and related parameters, timely replacement of battery, control of battery charge and discharge state, keeping battery in the best condition and effectively prolonging battery life The service life.
(4) As the function of the device keyboard is not much needed, you can use the general-purpose microcontroller I / O port matrix keyboard expansion, the display part of the Chinese liquid crystal display module.
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