From June 1st, China's local traffic control department and China's largest Internet taxi company finally opened their doors. The Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission intends to partially liberalize the market, and the dripping fast taxi platform intends to share data in part. The two sides started from the taxi business cooperation, and the special car business that was included in the car rental category was close behind.
The turning point came a bit suddenly. At this moment, it took less than half a year to detain the "illegal operation" of the car from Shanghai; it was only a year away from the traffic management department of some areas.
With the "Internet" moving from corporate strategy to national strategy, in the case that the Ministry of Communications has not yet issued special vehicle-related management regulations, under the direction and approval of the Ministry of Communications, Shanghai, Yiwu and other places are taking taxi industry reforms to find a special vehicle supervision. Way out.
The Economic Observer reported that in the next one or two months, the "Shanghai Edition" special car reform pilot program is expected to be introduced; but as of now, around "can the car be independent of the taxi sequence", "Can private cars be allowed to engage in private car business?" The two sides have not yet reached an agreement.
Whether it is Shanghai, Yiwu, or the headquarters of Alibaba Group, which is the headquarters of Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, waiting for the status quo, is waiting for the Ministry of Communications to “fix the carâ€, private car identity and data sharing standards.
This time, will the test water be the eve of the "washing white" of the special car?
"Adversary" change partner In the shutter sound, Sun Jianping, director of the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission, and Cheng Wei, the CEO of Didi Express, and the head of a taxi company stood side by side and clasped each other.
Sun Jianping announced that the "Shanghai Taxi Information Service Platform" will be officially launched on June 1. The platform is jointly participated by the Municipal Transportation Commission, the city's four major taxi companies and the “Drip-Docking Carâ€. In the initial stage, it will focus on three aspects: First, vehicle and driver identification. “Drip to the car†helps to eliminate “black car†and “cloning car†in time; the second is to realize the identification of vehicle operation status. Vehicles that undertake "Drip Dock" and other appointments are converted into "Electricity" in real time, effectively eliminating the misunderstandings in passengers' moves; the third is to improve the safety of vehicle operations. Shielding vehicles carrying passengers, no longer sending reservation information, improving vehicle operation safety.
It is worth noting that Sun Jianping no longer mentioned the words "illegal operation" in the speech. The cooperation in the taxi business is only the starting point. Sun Jianping said that the department is still developing about car rental identification. Vehicles engaged in car rental services shall comply with relevant national laws and regulations, have corresponding qualifications, and join the information platform. The information platform may provide identity verification services. Specific operational methods are being developed. According to the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission, the car rental includes a special car.
Wang Xingqu, the person in charge of the dripping fast taxi, told the reporter that the special vehicle supervision and reform plan needs to be reported to the Ministry of Communications for approval. "We are still communicating with the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission. If it is fast, it is estimated that the plan will be taken out within one or two months, and then the execution time will be determined," she said.
For this cooperation, the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Communications officially interpreted: “It marks the implementation of the “Internet†spiritual requirements of the Party Central Committee, the State Council, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government to encourage the support of the traditional transportation industry and the integration of Internet companies. step."
In Shanghai, the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Committee held a study meeting in April to listen to the special counseling report of Ma Huateng, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Tencent. Han Zheng, secretary of the municipal party committee, said that government management services must adhere to the concept of openness and continue to reform and innovate with the "Internet" thinking. He mentioned that the new models and new formats that are constantly emerging in the "Internet" era often have subversive challenges to the government's traditional management services, and these challenges are often ahead of various regulations and norms.
However, just four months ago, the Shanghai Municipal Traffic Commission's Law Enforcement Corps also issued the first "illegal operation" ticket to the special car platform, and the person in charge of the Shanghai area of ​​Didi Company did not come to receive the ticket. First deducting the car, then punishing the driver, and then punishing the special car platform - this is the case in the case of the publicly-disclosed case in the country.
From the "opponent" to the partner, the relevant business person in charge of the company quickly analyzed the economic observation report that the merger and the quick merger is an important turning point, and the mentality of the enterprise and the government will change. For enterprises, the two domestic special car platforms have changed from competition to cooperation. Tencent and Ali have also formed alliances on taxi software and are no longer competing for “burning moneyâ€. For the government, "the two children don't fight, they become young adults, and the government is relieved. They feel that they can sit down and talk about things."
"Shanghai's reform pilot has a certain special background. It is not something else that you can learn if you want to learn." Hua Mingzhe (a pseudonym), an urban transportation expert close to the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission, said that most of the taxi industry in Shanghai is operating in the company. The four major taxi companies account for at least half of the city's market share, and the proportion of drivers localized is higher. On the one hand, taxi companies can digest some of the internal contradictions, avoiding taxi drivers from stalling and protesting due to the spread of special vehicles; on the other hand, Shanghai's four major taxi companies are state-owned enterprises, although they will also lobby for The car is subject to stricter supervision, but the Shanghai government has a strong mobilization for them. They have the ability to require them to cooperate with the car platform in accordance with the established policies, and let them play the role of “fixing the seaâ€.
Finding the greatest common denominator "The Ministry of Communications has long stipulated that all China is the same." A staff member of the Taxi Management Office of the Hangzhou Road Transportation Administration (referred to as the Transportation Management Bureau) is categorical: "Private cars are forbidden to access the car platform." of."
During the National People's Congress this year, in the face of the question "Can private cars enter the special car operation", the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Communications said: "Always not allowed."
However, the staff of the Hangzhou Transportation Management Bureau also had a lack of confidence: "Every day, more than 10 private cars in Hangzhou were detained and fined for 'illegal operations'. We have a temporary office in the office. All of them are added to the 400-person number. There are 50,000 or 60,000 cars in Hangzhou. The result is that the transportation department is 'grabbing every day, and has already turned around and has not stopped.'"
There is also a certain legal blur between legally operating vehicles and "black cars" - express trains, speed rides, carpools...
For an online consultation, the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission recently replied: “The formal leasing company in this city uses Y-licensed vehicles to engage in leasing business. This is legal. But can it be used for taxi business through taxi software, current traffic management The department is conducting a feasibility study and it is estimated that relevant regulations will be issued in the first half of this year."
If it is a private car? The above-mentioned Hangzhou Transportation Management Bureau staff speculated that Shanghai will not allow private cars to directly access the private car platform. Possible operations include: accessing in the name of a third party, or changing the head of the driving license, or entrusting On behalf of the escrow, "it is necessary to take certain legal procedures." The Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission is not willing to comment on this.
From Beijing to Shanghai, from Hangzhou to Yiwu, all the local traffic control departments interviewed are based on the “Road Transportation Regulations†promulgated by the State Council and local legislation: private cars do not have operational qualifications, and non-operating vehicles are not allowed to engage in taxis and special vehicles. Operating business.
In this regard, in January this year, the former government office of the Didi company retorted: "The special car business is not a business road transport service, and the reason for Shanghai's investigation of illegal passenger transport methods for vehicles is totally lacking in legal basis." "The "Road Transportation Regulations" promulgated in April 2004 is the most effective regulation in the field of road transportation management, and there is no explanation for the operation of road transportation."
In Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, which was approved by the Ministry of Communications officials, the Municipal Transportation Bureau bypassed this regulation and announced that it will open the taxi market access and the number of taxis in an orderly manner from 2018 to realize the market allocation of taxis. This means that all market players, including private car platforms and leasing companies, have the opportunity to apply for a taxi company. Wang Liang, deputy director of the Department of Transportation's Service Department, expressed his position at the regular meeting of the Ministry of Communications and supported Yiwu as a place to try and provide reference and demonstration for the national taxi industry reform.
"Yiwu City Taxi Industry Reform Work Plan" also covers the car rental business: "In the premise of ensuring the driver's qualifications, meeting the technical conditions of the vehicle, and clarifying the company's main responsibility, the new business model of recruiting and special vehicles will be introduced to meet the diversified needs of the market. A staff member of the Yiwu Transportation Bureau told the Economic Observer: "This program was independently reformed by Yiwu. However, before the introduction of the plan, the Ministry of Communications and the Zhejiang Provincial Communications Department came over to investigate and gave us instructions."
This time, in cooperation with Shanghai, will the private car business of the private car be partially or completely “washed white†or is it still prohibited? Wang Xingqu did not want to make it clear: "We are still communicating, we are looking for the greatest common denominator." And more places are waiting for the Ministry of Communications taxi industry reform program and special vehicle management regulations.
Wu Weiqiang, a professor at Zhejiang University of Technology and vice president of the Hangzhou Institute for Reform and Development, said in an interview with the Economic Observer. Last year, the government said that private cars were illegally operated. Didi, fast companies immediately changed their minds and said that there is no private car on their platform. Finally, a private car was found, and it was changed to say "carpooling" and "winding". "The government special vehicle management method has not yet been worked out, and now it is forced to define what is carpooling and smooth, and the government is in a very passive situation." Wu Weiqiang suggested that administrative regulation should retain sufficient flexibility to adapt to the new Internet format. development of.
"Don't dare to let go"
After a round of price war with Uber, Wang Xingqu told the Economic Observer that both Didi Express and the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission believed that the city’s car rental (including “special carâ€) was at the price and service orientation. It should be higher than taxis and do better in terms of corporate qualifications, vehicle sources, insurance claims, and driver training. However, she stressed that the car platform was not included in the rental car sequence for management.
In September last year, the Ministry of Communications reviewed and approved the Regulations on the Management of Taxi Operating Services, which will take effect on January 1, 2015. On the official website of the Ministry of Communications, the Department of Transportation of the Ministry of Communications explained that: "(This regulation) established an appointment taxi service model that only allows appointments and can't cruise on the road." The drop and Uber car business has not yet arisen.
However, Wang Xingqu believes that it is not appropriate for many places to apply the special vehicle to the Regulations on the Management of Taxi Management Services of the Ministry of Communications. Neither the Ministry of Communications nor the local governments have laws and regulations that are recognized by all parties. Chengdu has also stipulated that even renting vehicles can not be used as a special car. This is contrary to the spirit of the Ministry of Communications. This time, Didi and the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission are preparing to formulate a plan that is “recognized by all partiesâ€.
On May 22nd, Didi Express announced the first performance data after the merger: taxis cover 1.35 million drivers in 360 cities across the country, special vehicles cover 400,000 drivers in 61 cities, taxi orders are 4 million, special car days Orders up to 1.5 million orders.
From the government's "not heard", "disagree" to "severe strike" to today's "disguised support", the growing number of special car platforms, we must further strive for "official support" from the government. The city managers are counting another account.
Hua Mingzhe, who masters the core data of urban public transportation, said that the bus is 7.2 million times a day, the subway is 10 million times a day, and the regular taxis are more than 3 million times a day, even if the car can reach the level of the taxi. Can not completely replace public transportation. Even if it can be completely replaced, the current road carrying capacity is not allowed - the taxi day mileage is about 340 kilometers. There are 1.81 million private cars in Shanghai. If one-third of them are converted into operating vehicles, the mileage will rise from 30 kilometers to 100 kilometers, and the road congestion will deteriorate to what extent. “At the time, when you look at the traffic information on the app, you will find that there are hints of slow driving and congestion everywhere.†He snarled.
Hua Mingzhe emphasized that the special car model can meet the needs of urban residents who yearn for “car owners†or the wealthy class to enjoy personalized travel modes at low cost. However, there are still middle and lower classes in the city that can't sit on the bus or even take the subway. We can't let the interests of a small number of rich people invade the interests of most of the rich. He suggested that for large and medium-sized cities with dense population, especially its core business circle, public transportation is definitely the best way to travel. To this end, it is necessary to limit the frequency of personalized travel and increase the cost of personalized travel.
This is a delicate moment in the relationship between the car platform and the local government. In the past, when Ma Wei (pseudonym) opened a decision-making consultation meeting at the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission, he often suggested that they embrace the Internet and embrace emerging companies. Now, she thinks that the platform companies also need to be revised.
Ma Wei said that she and the person in charge of the car platform also said that the traffic control department very much hopes that the car platform will open up the market size, vehicle operation, driver identification and other information to help the transportation decision, but the car platform is not willing to communicate with it. The department shares this data. Until this tripartite cooperation, "the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission wants to follow the drip, fast taxi operation data during peak hours, the car platform is not awkward."
In Ma Rong’s view, it is the unclear profit model of the private car platform that makes policy makers more cautious. Ma Wei, who has contact with several car platforms, said that up to now, Drip is losing money quickly, and they have not announced their earnings commitments, or they have specified the subsidy period. Decision makers will have a lot of doubts: once the platform of the car is “one bigâ€, will the monopolistic platform charge the “platform fee†to the driver? How to check the driver and not bully the driver?
"Local governments want to embrace the Internet platform, but they don't dare to let go, for fear that it will make a big move, and they will be at a loss." Ma said that there is still a way to go before the two sides cooperate.
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