Reduce the surrounding rock stress, increase the strength of surrounding rock, improve the surrounding rock stress conditions and occurrence environment, and effectively control the deformation and damage of surrounding rock.
2. Roadway layout
From the perspective of roadway surrounding rock control, the following issues should be emphasized when arranging the roadway:
â‘ in time and space try to avoid the influence of the extractive activities, it is preferably disposed within the tunnel after the stress reduction region mining coal layer is formed.
2 If the influence of the bearing pressure caused by the recovery is not avoided, the strong effect of the superposition of the supporting pressure should be avoided as much as possible, or the influence time of the supporting pressure should be shortened as much as possible, for example, crossing the roadway and avoiding the arrangement of the roadway below the remaining coal pillar.
3 Select a stable rock formation or coal seam to arrange the roadway within the allowable distance of the mining system, and try to avoid direct contact between the water and the soft expansive rock formation.
4 When the roadway passes through the geological structure belt, the axial direction of the roadway should be as perpendicular as possible to the fault structure belt or the anticline structure.
5 Choose a reasonable rock pillar width between adjacent roadways or diverticulum
6 The axial direction of the roadway is as parallel as possible to the direction of the structural stress, avoiding the direction perpendicular to the structural stress
3. Roadway protection and support
Roadway protection and support measures can be summarized as follows:
1 Through the method of drilling and unloading pressure in the surrounding rock of the roadway, pressure relief in the groove, pressure relief on the wide-faced roadway and special pressure relief space in the roadway, the surrounding rock of the roadway is disturbed to some extent by different degrees. Destruction, the concentrated load that should be applied around the roadway is transferred to a new support area far from the roadway to achieve the purpose of reducing the surrounding rock stress.
2 Using surrounding rock bore grouting, bolt support, anchor support, roadway spray, post-wall filling, surrounding rock dewatering and other methods to increase the strength of surrounding rock and optimize the surrounding rock stress conditions and Save the environment.
3 The erecting bracket exerts radial force on the surrounding rock, which not only supports the loosely collapsed rock, but also increases the confining pressure of the roadway, maintains the three-way stress state of the surrounding rock, improves the strength of the surrounding rock, and limits the development of the plastic deformation zone and the rupture zone. .
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