Faced with the high labor costs and the unique and efficient robots, China became the world's largest robot market in 2013. The Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other manufacturing regions have entered the "new era of robotics." Keeping up with the largest robot market, domestic robots did not get close to the water, and domestic robots only accounted for about 5% of the domestic market.
The bottleneck that plagues the healthy development of China's robotics industry is that the three core components, such as the reducer, AC-DC servo motor and controller, cannot be self-sufficient.
Of course, domestic companies are highly motivated to achieve the goal of self-sufficiency in core components and have achieved a lot of results:
In April of this year, Suzhou Green's harmonics lasted for five years, finally conquering the production technology of precision decelerators for robots. With the advantages of high performance, long life, and short delivery time, it broke Japan’s monopoly on the technology;
In May, the first batch of RV precision reducer produced by Jiangsu Nantong Zhenkang Machinery Co., Ltd. marked that the company had overcome a series of engineering technical problems such as the design, processing and assembly of RV precision reducer, becoming the only mass production RV precision reducer in the mainland. enterprise;
In June, Jiangsu Tailong Group independently developed four high-precision decelerators for cycloidal enveloping precision reducer, harmonic reducer, cycloidal ball reducer, and wheel-side motor reducer. These 4 high-precision reducers broke through the monopoly of foreign technologies such as Japan and the Czech Republic, conquered the international technical barriers of RV robot reducers, and achieved a major breakthrough in the localization of precision reducers for domestic robots.
Things about robots and speed reducers
The robot consists of three major systems: the control system, the servo system, and the transmission system. The RV speed reducer in the transmission system is the joint of the robot. Like the gearbox of a car, it controls the power output and operation accuracy of the robot and occupies a robot. 33% of the cost. The robot joint reducer is required to have the characteristics of short transmission chain, small volume, large power, light weight, and easy control. Under normal circumstances, a common robot needs 4-8 sets of speed reducers.
The data provided by the China Robotics Federation shows that in the next 10 years, China’s industrial robot market will reach 600 billion yuan, while an industrial robot will need 4-8 joint reducers, and the market for robot reducers will exceed 100 billion yuan. According to an industry source, if a total of 4.5 sets of reducers are used in a common robot configuration, then in 2014-2018, the new demand for reducers for industrial robots in China will reach 189,000 sets, 236,000 sets, and 296,000 sets respectively. 369,000 sets and 462,000 sets.
Although there is a huge potential for domestic use of speed reducers for robots, the domestic market is still dominated by foreign brands, especially Japanese manufacturers. Globally, 75% of the world's precision reducer markets are monopolized by Japan, and only a small amount of products are put on the market. Statistics from the Institute of Robotics and Robotics (GRII) show that as of now, there are more than 420 robotics companies in the country, but only 13 of them have researched gearboxes, and only 5 have made initial progress in RV reducers. The current R&D is still in progress.
Speed ​​reducer autonomy is a top priority
Let's take a look at the analysis of the robot cost structure:
Robot cost composition diagram
The speed reducer accounts for the highest single unit. A joint and a movement require a speed reducer to support. Planetary speed reducers, RV precision cycloid speed reducers, and harmonic speed reducers are the current mainstream speed reducers of the robot. The drive system requires a small clearance of the transmission system, high rigidity, high output torque, and a large reduction ratio. Therefore, the planetary row helical gear drive is used. The design of the cycloidal gear transmission mechanism of the organization or the combination of planetary rows is inevitable, but domestic precision machining of gears, cycloid gears, and other key components such as the inner ring gear cannot be completely guaranteed, and mass production cannot be achieved yet. Currently, it can only be serious. Reliance on imports severely restricts the demand for autonomous market, which also directly leads to the deceleration device being the most important factor in the high cost of domestic industrial robots.
Therefore, as far as the current situation is concerned. Providing large-scale and reliable precision speed reducer components is the most important task for industrialization and autonomy of robotics in China.
The RV reducer has long been monopolized by foreign companies such as Japan, which has caused the Chinese robot industry to be controlled by people. The RV high-precision reducer for R&D robots has been listed as a key research topic by the national “863†program. With the increase of major national special support for robot joint reducer production lines and the continued investment in R&D of enterprises, localization and autonomy of robot components have been achieved, and costs and pricing have been greatly reduced. The era of large-scale application of industrial robots in China has become possible. expected.
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