There are actually many kinds of classifications for tyres: they are classified according to the types of vehicles, they are classified according to their purpose, they are classified according to size, they are classified according to patterns, and they are classified by structure.
Classification of tires by car type is classified by car type, which can be roughly divided into 8 types. Namely: PC - car tires; LT - light truck tires; TB - trucks and bus tires; AG - agricultural vehicle tires; OTR - construction vehicle tires; ID - industrial tires; AC - aircraft tires; MC - motorcycle tires.
Classification of tires by tire usage Classification by use, including types such as truck tires, passenger car tires, and mining tires. In addition to the specification of tires on the sidewall, truck tires must also indicate the number of levels. But here we need to tell everyone that the number of tires in a tire does not refer to its actual number of layers, but refers to the use of high-strength material cords to make tires. The load performance is equivalent to using a cotton cord to make a carcass. The number of tire cords. This is because the cotton cords were first used to make carcass cords. Therefore, the international convention is to use the cotton cord layer as a reference for the number of tire layers. Different levels, the tire load capacity is different. Even if the tire of the same specification has different load capacity because of its different number of stages, tires of different levels cannot be used on the same axis. Otherwise, the danger occurs when the tire is driven at a high speed. For example, 900-20 tires (16-tier) used to liberate cars cannot be used on the same axle as 900--20 tires (14-tier) because they have different levels and different loads. After mixing, they are prone to danger.
Light duty radial tires for light goods vehicles or vans must be preceded by a “C†after the tire type to distinguish them from radial passenger tires. Such as: Jinbei van tire 185SR14C, which "C" refers to this tire is a light truck tire. The U.S. standard stipulates that the tires used for passenger cars should be preceded by the letter “Pâ€. Such as: Cherokee P215/75R15 tires, which "P" refers to this tire is a passenger car tires. Many drivers do not understand the meaning of the “P†word, blindly believe it, and believe that American cars must use tires with “Pâ€. Therefore, tires that do not have the “P†character when changing tires cannot be used, often. Make a joke. Some tire dealers, after encountering such mental drivers, sold the tires with the “P†price high. In fact, the "P" word is only a U.S. regulation. For example, tire 185/70R14 tires produced by China's Shanghai Warrior Tire Factory are exported to the United States for the use of Tianba cars produced by the Ford Plant. Then, according to U.S. regulations, Shanghai Warriors A “P†is added to the front of the 185/70R14 tire produced by the factory to show that the tire is a passenger tire. So, when you change tires, you should never be caught by the word "P". On the contrary, this "C" word. You should pay attention, and if your car belongs to a light truck, you must insist that no "C" tires are replaced. As mentioned earlier, the Jinbei van uses the Meridian 185SR14C tires, while the Audi sedan uses the Meridian 185SR14 tires. There is no difference in terms of tire specifications, but because of the “C†on the 185SR14C tires for the Jinbei van The word “C†is not used on the 185SR14 tires used in Audi cars. Therefore, their air pressure, load, etc. are very different. Once a light truck has been replaced with a tire without “Câ€, it is necessary to measure whether or not the tire can carry the weight of the vehicle and the expected cargo. If the limited load of the tire is less than the weight of the vehicle and the quality of the cargo to be carried. You must not use it, or when you carry passengers or cargo, you must have a few. Otherwise, it is as if four time bombs have been installed in their own vehicles. I do not know when the load exceeds the limit of the tires. When the speed reaches a certain level, a fatal accident such as a tire overturned will occur. Therefore, please pay special attention to the driver's friends. If your car needs to use the "C" tire, it is best not to let this "C" word disappear.
In addition, light duty tires are sometimes indicated with “LT†in front of or behind the tire model. For example: LT215/75R15 and 145R12LT (Shandong Triangle) and other tires, which "LT" also refers to this tire is light truck tires. Here I would like to remind the majority of drivers to pay attention, this is also the situation I often encountered in the work: some vans and passenger loan double row of small truck drivers, in order to drive comfort and safety, often to the original car with the ramp Turning tires into radial tires, from the angle of bias tires and radial tires, it is no doubt that vacuum tires are much safer, but we must consider whether your car is heavy or not. If you want to load heavy objects, you must Replace the tire with "C" or "LT". In addition, we must also understand the interchangeability of radial tires and bias tires, that is, if you want to change the bias tires used in the original vehicle to radial tires, please do not change them, otherwise it will affect the car's Use performance.
Tyre classification by tire size, generally refers to tires with a section width of 17 in (inch, 1 in = 25.4 mm) or more. These tires are giant tires; tires with a tread width of less than 17 inches and tires with a diameter of 10 inches or more are large. Tires; tires with a tread width of 10 inches or less are small and medium sized tires.
Classification by tire tread There are many types of tread patterns, but they can be roughly divided into five types:
1 straight groove pattern, also called plain pattern. The pattern has excellent stability in operation, low rotation resistance, low noise, and particularly excellent drainage performance, and is not easy to slide in the horizontal direction. The reason why it is called an ordinary pattern is relative to off-road patterns and mud snow patterns. In fact, there are many kinds of common patterns, because each large tire manufacturer has its own laboratory and test field, and countless engineers and technicians study the patterns there. However, in the course of the study, the benevolent sees benevolence and the wise see wisdom. Some patterns focus on quietness and comfort. Some patterns focus on waterproof and non-slip, some patterns focus on gripping, and some patterns focus on low pulsation resistance and fuel saving. Therefore, although there are only narrow treads, there are tens of thousands of changes. And each major manufacturer is constantly introducing new patterns every year.
2 horizontal groove pattern. The driving force, braking force and traction force of the lateral groove pattern are particularly excellent, and its wear resistance is excellent. Therefore, it is suitable for use in construction vehicles such as bulldozers and excavators, but the lateral groove pattern has poor handling and drainage performance.
3 groove pattern. The pattern of vertical and horizontal grooves is also called synthetic pattern. It has the advantages of longitudinal grooves and horizontal groove patterns. Therefore, it is also more suitable for off-road vehicles such as Jeep, such as the 750-16 tires used by Japan's Sanling Jip. Kind of vertical and horizontal grooves pattern.
4 mud snow pattern. The mud and snow pattern, as the name suggests, refers to a pattern designed specifically for use in mud and snow. It is represented by the letter "M+S", "M" refers to mud, and "s" refers to snow. This type of tire is generally directly "M" + "s" rust carved on the sidewall of the tire, so that people at a glance. In foreign countries, such as Japan, most drivers have snow tires for the safety of driving in snow, or use snow chains, winter passes, and some people who do not want to save to use in the coming year sell snow tires. . Nowadays, many people in our country are operating such tires. The specifications are mostly used for mini vehicles. They give the tires a name of “new landingâ€, meaning that they are off the ground but still very new. The user is reminded to use this kind of tires, be sure to remove the cleats on the tread, otherwise it will damage the road, because many of our drivers do not buy such tires for snow use.
It is wasteful to sell tires in winter, but it is very wasteful to save them. In order to solve the problem that snow tires cannot be used in summer, Japanese BS company has studied several patterns that can be changed. This pattern, with the tire's wear, the ground tread pattern will change. First of all, from the beginning of winter, the snow pattern exerts the excellent effect of snowing on the snow, and after the winter, the shoulder groove designed specifically for the snow has been worn, showing the performance of ordinary patterns. The use of such a child for two purposes, that is to solve the snow and tires, will not be wasted; it can be described as well-intentioned. At the same time, it also reflects the professionalism of Japanese businessmen.
The four basic tread patterns of longitudinal groove pattern, horizontal groove pattern, vertical and horizontal tire pattern and block-shaped tread pattern and their characteristics:
1 Longitudinal groove pattern = excellent handling stability / low resistance against rotation noise / good drainage / not easy to slide horizontally.
2 Horizontal Groove Tire pattern = driving force, braking force, excellent traction and good wear resistance.
3 vertical and horizontal tread pattern = both the advantages of longitudinal grooves and horizontal grooves.
4 block tread = drive force and braking force are good.
5 off-road pattern. Off-road patterns are specially designed to suit dry, wet, bumpy mountain roads, muddy and sand roads. This pattern tire is like a pentathlete. It has a combination of several specialities and can be used in a variety of harsh environments and climates. Therefore, it is the best tire for young people or Jeep and other off-road vehicles. Off-road tires, in addition to the same pattern code each factory, in general, there are still very moving names. Such as Japan's Toyo Tire MG101 pattern. Because this pattern was adapted to muddy, dry, wet, and rugged mountain roads, the plant gave it a name that was both ironic and symbolic of beauty - the "Normandian Landing" that took place in the Second World War. , The United States Five-star general Eisenhower directed the meaning of the Normandy landing campaign (Normandy landing to win, there are other factors, but the tires used by the Allies at the beach, the mountain road unimpeded, is also an important reason for the Allies to win) . From the name given to it, one can imagine the excellent off-road performance of this pattern.
Tyres can be categorized into five categories according to their patterns. Therefore, when you understand what kind of pattern tires you use on your car, you can go to the tire store to buy the tires you want.
In addition, some tires have a directional pattern, this pattern is mainly considered the performance of the grip, in the installation of such tires, it is necessary to pay attention to the direction of the scroll mark installation. If there is no mark on the tire, the tip of the tread first touches the ground. However, if the directional tires are used on front-rear wheels that are of equal width, the two tires on the front wheels can also be reversed. After reverse installation, if your car is driving on a dirt road, the front wheels will be lighter and the rolling resistance will be reduced, which will save fuel. At the same time, after the front wheels roll over, the road surface will be slightly pressurized, which will facilitate the passage of the rear wheels. Traction. This is the experience that is summed up in the work, the tire manufacturer did not ask for this kind of request, but you may wish to try, the result will be very good.
According to the tire structure classification, the tires are classified according to the structure and divided into two categories: biased tires and radial tires.
Bias tires are widely used in trucks and vans in China. For example, the 650-16-10 tires used in the Beijing 1041 car and the 750-14-8 tires used in the Beilu van are bias tires. Radial tires are mostly used in cars. For example, the 185/70R13 tires used in the Santana cars produced by the Shanghai Volkswagen plant, the P215/75R15 tires used in the Beijing Cherokee, and the 175/70R13 tires used in the FAW Jetta cars are radial tires.
Radial tires have been widely used in developed countries such as Western Europe.
Classification of tires by car type is classified by car type, which can be roughly divided into 8 types. Namely: PC - car tires; LT - light truck tires; TB - trucks and bus tires; AG - agricultural vehicle tires; OTR - construction vehicle tires; ID - industrial tires; AC - aircraft tires; MC - motorcycle tires.
Classification of tires by tire usage Classification by use, including types such as truck tires, passenger car tires, and mining tires. In addition to the specification of tires on the sidewall, truck tires must also indicate the number of levels. But here we need to tell everyone that the number of tires in a tire does not refer to its actual number of layers, but refers to the use of high-strength material cords to make tires. The load performance is equivalent to using a cotton cord to make a carcass. The number of tire cords. This is because the cotton cords were first used to make carcass cords. Therefore, the international convention is to use the cotton cord layer as a reference for the number of tire layers. Different levels, the tire load capacity is different. Even if the tire of the same specification has different load capacity because of its different number of stages, tires of different levels cannot be used on the same axis. Otherwise, the danger occurs when the tire is driven at a high speed. For example, 900-20 tires (16-tier) used to liberate cars cannot be used on the same axle as 900--20 tires (14-tier) because they have different levels and different loads. After mixing, they are prone to danger.
Light duty radial tires for light goods vehicles or vans must be preceded by a “C†after the tire type to distinguish them from radial passenger tires. Such as: Jinbei van tire 185SR14C, which "C" refers to this tire is a light truck tire. The U.S. standard stipulates that the tires used for passenger cars should be preceded by the letter “Pâ€. Such as: Cherokee P215/75R15 tires, which "P" refers to this tire is a passenger car tires. Many drivers do not understand the meaning of the “P†word, blindly believe it, and believe that American cars must use tires with “Pâ€. Therefore, tires that do not have the “P†character when changing tires cannot be used, often. Make a joke. Some tire dealers, after encountering such mental drivers, sold the tires with the “P†price high. In fact, the "P" word is only a U.S. regulation. For example, tire 185/70R14 tires produced by China's Shanghai Warrior Tire Factory are exported to the United States for the use of Tianba cars produced by the Ford Plant. Then, according to U.S. regulations, Shanghai Warriors A “P†is added to the front of the 185/70R14 tire produced by the factory to show that the tire is a passenger tire. So, when you change tires, you should never be caught by the word "P". On the contrary, this "C" word. You should pay attention, and if your car belongs to a light truck, you must insist that no "C" tires are replaced. As mentioned earlier, the Jinbei van uses the Meridian 185SR14C tires, while the Audi sedan uses the Meridian 185SR14 tires. There is no difference in terms of tire specifications, but because of the “C†on the 185SR14C tires for the Jinbei van The word “C†is not used on the 185SR14 tires used in Audi cars. Therefore, their air pressure, load, etc. are very different. Once a light truck has been replaced with a tire without “Câ€, it is necessary to measure whether or not the tire can carry the weight of the vehicle and the expected cargo. If the limited load of the tire is less than the weight of the vehicle and the quality of the cargo to be carried. You must not use it, or when you carry passengers or cargo, you must have a few. Otherwise, it is as if four time bombs have been installed in their own vehicles. I do not know when the load exceeds the limit of the tires. When the speed reaches a certain level, a fatal accident such as a tire overturned will occur. Therefore, please pay special attention to the driver's friends. If your car needs to use the "C" tire, it is best not to let this "C" word disappear.
In addition, light duty tires are sometimes indicated with “LT†in front of or behind the tire model. For example: LT215/75R15 and 145R12LT (Shandong Triangle) and other tires, which "LT" also refers to this tire is light truck tires. Here I would like to remind the majority of drivers to pay attention, this is also the situation I often encountered in the work: some vans and passenger loan double row of small truck drivers, in order to drive comfort and safety, often to the original car with the ramp Turning tires into radial tires, from the angle of bias tires and radial tires, it is no doubt that vacuum tires are much safer, but we must consider whether your car is heavy or not. If you want to load heavy objects, you must Replace the tire with "C" or "LT". In addition, we must also understand the interchangeability of radial tires and bias tires, that is, if you want to change the bias tires used in the original vehicle to radial tires, please do not change them, otherwise it will affect the car's Use performance.
Tyre classification by tire size, generally refers to tires with a section width of 17 in (inch, 1 in = 25.4 mm) or more. These tires are giant tires; tires with a tread width of less than 17 inches and tires with a diameter of 10 inches or more are large. Tires; tires with a tread width of 10 inches or less are small and medium sized tires.
Classification by tire tread There are many types of tread patterns, but they can be roughly divided into five types:
1 straight groove pattern, also called plain pattern. The pattern has excellent stability in operation, low rotation resistance, low noise, and particularly excellent drainage performance, and is not easy to slide in the horizontal direction. The reason why it is called an ordinary pattern is relative to off-road patterns and mud snow patterns. In fact, there are many kinds of common patterns, because each large tire manufacturer has its own laboratory and test field, and countless engineers and technicians study the patterns there. However, in the course of the study, the benevolent sees benevolence and the wise see wisdom. Some patterns focus on quietness and comfort. Some patterns focus on waterproof and non-slip, some patterns focus on gripping, and some patterns focus on low pulsation resistance and fuel saving. Therefore, although there are only narrow treads, there are tens of thousands of changes. And each major manufacturer is constantly introducing new patterns every year.
2 horizontal groove pattern. The driving force, braking force and traction force of the lateral groove pattern are particularly excellent, and its wear resistance is excellent. Therefore, it is suitable for use in construction vehicles such as bulldozers and excavators, but the lateral groove pattern has poor handling and drainage performance.
3 groove pattern. The pattern of vertical and horizontal grooves is also called synthetic pattern. It has the advantages of longitudinal grooves and horizontal groove patterns. Therefore, it is also more suitable for off-road vehicles such as Jeep, such as the 750-16 tires used by Japan's Sanling Jip. Kind of vertical and horizontal grooves pattern.
4 mud snow pattern. The mud and snow pattern, as the name suggests, refers to a pattern designed specifically for use in mud and snow. It is represented by the letter "M+S", "M" refers to mud, and "s" refers to snow. This type of tire is generally directly "M" + "s" rust carved on the sidewall of the tire, so that people at a glance. In foreign countries, such as Japan, most drivers have snow tires for the safety of driving in snow, or use snow chains, winter passes, and some people who do not want to save to use in the coming year sell snow tires. . Nowadays, many people in our country are operating such tires. The specifications are mostly used for mini vehicles. They give the tires a name of “new landingâ€, meaning that they are off the ground but still very new. The user is reminded to use this kind of tires, be sure to remove the cleats on the tread, otherwise it will damage the road, because many of our drivers do not buy such tires for snow use.
It is wasteful to sell tires in winter, but it is very wasteful to save them. In order to solve the problem that snow tires cannot be used in summer, Japanese BS company has studied several patterns that can be changed. This pattern, with the tire's wear, the ground tread pattern will change. First of all, from the beginning of winter, the snow pattern exerts the excellent effect of snowing on the snow, and after the winter, the shoulder groove designed specifically for the snow has been worn, showing the performance of ordinary patterns. The use of such a child for two purposes, that is to solve the snow and tires, will not be wasted; it can be described as well-intentioned. At the same time, it also reflects the professionalism of Japanese businessmen.
The four basic tread patterns of longitudinal groove pattern, horizontal groove pattern, vertical and horizontal tire pattern and block-shaped tread pattern and their characteristics:
1 Longitudinal groove pattern = excellent handling stability / low resistance against rotation noise / good drainage / not easy to slide horizontally.
2 Horizontal Groove Tire pattern = driving force, braking force, excellent traction and good wear resistance.
3 vertical and horizontal tread pattern = both the advantages of longitudinal grooves and horizontal grooves.
4 block tread = drive force and braking force are good.
5 off-road pattern. Off-road patterns are specially designed to suit dry, wet, bumpy mountain roads, muddy and sand roads. This pattern tire is like a pentathlete. It has a combination of several specialities and can be used in a variety of harsh environments and climates. Therefore, it is the best tire for young people or Jeep and other off-road vehicles. Off-road tires, in addition to the same pattern code each factory, in general, there are still very moving names. Such as Japan's Toyo Tire MG101 pattern. Because this pattern was adapted to muddy, dry, wet, and rugged mountain roads, the plant gave it a name that was both ironic and symbolic of beauty - the "Normandian Landing" that took place in the Second World War. , The United States Five-star general Eisenhower directed the meaning of the Normandy landing campaign (Normandy landing to win, there are other factors, but the tires used by the Allies at the beach, the mountain road unimpeded, is also an important reason for the Allies to win) . From the name given to it, one can imagine the excellent off-road performance of this pattern.
Tyres can be categorized into five categories according to their patterns. Therefore, when you understand what kind of pattern tires you use on your car, you can go to the tire store to buy the tires you want.
In addition, some tires have a directional pattern, this pattern is mainly considered the performance of the grip, in the installation of such tires, it is necessary to pay attention to the direction of the scroll mark installation. If there is no mark on the tire, the tip of the tread first touches the ground. However, if the directional tires are used on front-rear wheels that are of equal width, the two tires on the front wheels can also be reversed. After reverse installation, if your car is driving on a dirt road, the front wheels will be lighter and the rolling resistance will be reduced, which will save fuel. At the same time, after the front wheels roll over, the road surface will be slightly pressurized, which will facilitate the passage of the rear wheels. Traction. This is the experience that is summed up in the work, the tire manufacturer did not ask for this kind of request, but you may wish to try, the result will be very good.
According to the tire structure classification, the tires are classified according to the structure and divided into two categories: biased tires and radial tires.
Bias tires are widely used in trucks and vans in China. For example, the 650-16-10 tires used in the Beijing 1041 car and the 750-14-8 tires used in the Beilu van are bias tires. Radial tires are mostly used in cars. For example, the 185/70R13 tires used in the Santana cars produced by the Shanghai Volkswagen plant, the P215/75R15 tires used in the Beijing Cherokee, and the 175/70R13 tires used in the FAW Jetta cars are radial tires.
Radial tires have been widely used in developed countries such as Western Europe.
Welder welding is to provide a certain characteristic electrical power, welding due to the flexible and easy to be solid and reliable, even with the advantage after welding base material of equivalent strength for lack of a wide range of industries, such as aerospace, shipbuilding, automobiles, containers.
Welder (electric welding machine) actually has decreased the external characteristics of the transformer, the 220V and 380V AC into low voltage direct current, welding generally based on the output power can be divided into two types, one is the AC power; one kind is direct current. DC welder can say this is a high-power rectifier, positive and negative points, AC input, after transformer transformer, then rectified by the rectifier, and the drop in output characteristics with the power output of the ON and OFF will produce a great change in voltage at the moment of arc ignition bipolar short circuit generated by the arc to melt the electrode and welding, so that they reach the cooling was bound object. Welding transformer has its own characteristics, external feature is a sharp decline after the ignition electrode voltage characteristics
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