The spatiotemporal dynamics of Sporozoa sporangia proliferation in grapevines in China is rarely reported. For this purpose, the temporal and spatial dynamics of sporangia dissemination of Pseudoperonospora cubensis were observed by a quantitative airborne spore trapping method, combined with a correlation analysis of field disease system investigations and the amount of spores detected, to understand the sporangia diffusion dynamics and field conditions. The relevance of the disease condition, which in turn provides the basis for the occurrence of the disease and its forecast and forecast. The quantitative airflow spore traps are suspended at 1.5m and 2.5m respectively. The slide coated with a thin layer of Vaseline is placed on the spear catcher. On the slide holder, open the spore catcher to collect the spores. The inspection method is the same as in 1.3.1. The number of sporocysts captured at 1.5m and 2.5m was added, and the average number was calculated as the number of sporangia captured during 15 min of this period. Then, the number of sporangia captured at different time points was plotted on the vertical axis, and the time was taken as the The horizontal axis shows the curve of the amount of spores at different times of the day.
The spore sac was captured at different heights in the orchard from 0 to 6 m by quantitative air spore traps. It was found that the number of sporangia captured near the ground was generally the highest in the absence of rain, and the number of sporangia was regular with increasing height. Spontaneously reduced, the sporangium of Peronosporium can still be captured at 6m, but the number has decreased significantly. At the 2.5 m canopy, the number of sporangia did not decrease at 2 m, but increased. This may be consistent with the height of the sporangia and the height of the scaffold. It is the leaf layer that is relatively concentrated, especially the young leaves with strong susceptibility. More focused on.
During sporulation, slides coated with a thin layer of Vaseline were placed on a slide holder of a quantitative airflow spore catcher. The slide holders were then pushed forward, and the power was switched on for capture, each time for 10 min. After the slide was returned to the laboratory, the sporangia were examined and counted. The average amount of spores at each height was plotted on the vertical axis, and the height of the capture was plotted on the horizontal axis. The captured amount of spores at different heights was compared. .
The spore sac was captured at different heights in the orchard from 0 to 6 m by quantitative air spore traps. It was found that the number of sporangia captured near the ground was generally the highest in the absence of rain, and the number of sporangia was regular with increasing height. Spontaneously reduced, the sporangium of Peronosporium can still be captured at 6m, but the number has decreased significantly. At the 2.5 m canopy, the number of sporangia did not decrease at 2 m, but increased. This may be consistent with the height of the sporangia and the height of the scaffold. It is the leaf layer that is relatively concentrated, especially the young leaves with strong susceptibility. More focused on.
During sporulation, slides coated with a thin layer of Vaseline were placed on a slide holder of a quantitative airflow spore catcher. The slide holders were then pushed forward, and the power was switched on for capture, each time for 10 min. After the slide was returned to the laboratory, the sporangia were examined and counted. The average amount of spores at each height was plotted on the vertical axis, and the height of the capture was plotted on the horizontal axis. The captured amount of spores at different heights was compared. .
As a lubricant, it has stable chemical properties and good electrical properties. Used as a lubricant for cable insulation materials, it can enhance the diffusion of fillers, increase the extrusion molding rate, increase mold flow, and facilitate demolding. Main scope of application: Can be widely used in the manufacture of masterbatch, granulation, plastic steel, PVC pipe, hot melt adhesive, rubber, shoe polish, leather brightener, cable insulation, floor wax, plastic profiles, ink, injection molding and other products.
Application of polyethylene wax
1. Dense color masterbatch and filling masterbatch. As a dispersant in the processing of color masterbatch, it is widely used in polyolefin masterbatch. It has good compatibility with polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and other resins, and has excellent external and internal lubrication.
2. PVC profiles, pipes, composite stabilizers are used as dispersants, lubricants and brighteners in the molding process of PVC profiles, pipes, pipe fittings, PE.PP to enhance the degree of plasticization, and improve the toughness and surface smoothness of plastic products And it is widely used in the production of PVC compound Stabilizer.
3. The ink has good light resistance and chemical properties, can be used as a pigment carrier, can improve the abrasion resistance of paints and inks, and improve the dispersion of pigments and fillers. It has a good anti-settling effect. It can be used as a flattening agent for paints and inks. The product has good gloss and three-dimensional effect.
4 Wax products are widely used in the production of various wax products such as floor wax, car wax, glazing wax, candles, crayons, etc., to increase the softening point of wax products, increase their strength and surface gloss.
5. Cable material Used as a lubricant for cable insulation materials, can enhance the diffusion of fillers, increase the extrusion molding rate, increase mold flow, and facilitate demolding.
6. Hot-melt products It is used in various hot-melt adhesives, thermosetting powder coatings, road marking paints, marking paints, as a dispersant, has a good anti-settling effect, and makes the products have a good gloss and three-dimensional effect.
7 Rubber As a rubber processing aid, it can enhance the diffusion of fillers, increase the extrusion molding rate, increase the mold flow rate, facilitate demolding, and improve the surface brightness and smoothness of the product after the film is released.
8 Cosmetics Make products have a good gloss and three-dimensional effect.
9 Injection molding, saving machine power lubrication, and enhancing the surface gloss of products
1. Dense color masterbatch and filling masterbatch. As a dispersant in the processing of color masterbatch, it is widely used in polyolefin masterbatch. It has good compatibility with polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and other resins, and has excellent external and internal lubrication.
2. PVC profiles, pipes, composite stabilizers are used as dispersants, lubricants and brighteners in the molding process of PVC profiles, pipes, pipe fittings, PE.PP to enhance the degree of plasticization, and improve the toughness and surface smoothness of plastic products And it is widely used in the production of PVC compound Stabilizer.
3. The ink has good light resistance and chemical properties, can be used as a pigment carrier, can improve the abrasion resistance of paints and inks, and improve the dispersion of pigments and fillers. It has a good anti-settling effect. It can be used as a flattening agent for paints and inks. The product has good gloss and three-dimensional effect.
4 Wax products are widely used in the production of various wax products such as floor wax, car wax, glazing wax, candles, crayons, etc., to increase the softening point of wax products, increase their strength and surface gloss.
5. Cable material Used as a lubricant for cable insulation materials, can enhance the diffusion of fillers, increase the extrusion molding rate, increase mold flow, and facilitate demolding.
6. Hot-melt products It is used in various hot-melt adhesives, thermosetting powder coatings, road marking paints, marking paints, as a dispersant, has a good anti-settling effect, and makes the products have a good gloss and three-dimensional effect.
7 Rubber As a rubber processing aid, it can enhance the diffusion of fillers, increase the extrusion molding rate, increase the mold flow rate, facilitate demolding, and improve the surface brightness and smoothness of the product after the film is released.
8 Cosmetics Make products have a good gloss and three-dimensional effect.
9 Injection molding, saving machine power lubrication, and enhancing the surface gloss of products
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