Soil heavy metal pollution control has been urgent, immature technology is troubled by China's largest soil remediation problems. Recently, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Institute of Material Science and Technology Research Institute of Biology prepared a magnetic composite nano-materials, can fundamentally repair hexavalent chromium contaminated water and soil.
The rapid development of industries has brought a lot of heavy metal pollution to the environment. Since 2005, China has gradually entered the high incidence of heavy metal pollution incidents, resulting in the frequent occurrence of food safety and life and health problems. The situation of soil heavy metal pollution is more and more serious. The data show that about 19.4% of the arable land survey samples in the country exceeded the limit of soil environmental quality. How to control heavy metals in soils has become an urgent problem to be solved. However, the enormous challenge of "heavy" soil can not be taken away in a short period of time.
According to the "Bulletin of the State Survey of Soil Pollution," released by the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Ministry of Land and Resources in 2014, the total exceeded rate of soil environment in China is 16.1%, and the pollution of heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium and mercury is especially serious, Existing "cancer", these pollutants once entered the soil can last centuries, through the skin contact, contaminated water and contaminated crops in three ways into the body, causing cancer cells in human body.
In view of the severe form of soil pollution in our country, the "Action Plan of Soil Pollution Prevention and Control" (referred to as "Soil 10") promulgated by the State Council on May 28, 2016 clearly states that it is necessary to intensify the research and development of science and technology and strengthen the research on prevention and control of soil pollution, The safe utilization of contaminated farmland in the year reaches about 90%, the safety utilization rate of contaminated land reaches more than 90%, the safe utilization rate of contaminated farmland reaches 95% by 2030, and the safe utilization rate of contaminated land reaches more than 95%.
Soil heavy metal pollution control has been urgent, immature technology is troubled by China's largest soil remediation problems. The vast amount of soil heavy metal pollution in our country determines that any high-cost technologies are difficult to promote on a large scale. It also makes it hard for foreign countries to rehabilitate small-scale land-based technologies.
Among many heavy metals, hexavalent chromium is a typical highly toxic heavy metal pollutant that can cause a range of diseases and therefore removal of hexavalent chromium from the environment or the reduction of highly toxic hexavalent chromium to less toxic trivalent chromium is one of the causes of chromium contamination Governance is of great importance. At present, the treatment of hexavalent chromium is mainly concentrated in water. However, due to the difficulty of separation and recovery, effective control of hexavalent chromium in soil is still lacking. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method that can efficiently remove hexavalent chromium from soil.
Recently, the research group of Hefei Institute of Physical Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, made use of graphene oxide and ferriferrous oxide as the main material materials. After a series of structural design and functional modification, a magnetic composite nanomaterial, With its porous structure, large specific surface area and high surface activity, it can efficiently adsorb hexavalent chromium in water and soil, convert high toxicity hexavalent chromium to low toxicity trivalent chromium through reduction reaction, and can pass external magnetic field Nanomaterials, along with chromium, are removed from bodies of water and soil to fundamentally repair water and soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium.
This exciting achievement was accomplished by a research group led by Wu Zhengyan, Institute of Technical Biology, Hefei Institute of Material Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Relevant achievements have been published by the American Chemical Society's core journal Langmuir. Named after the Nobel Prize winner and the famous American physicist Irving Langmuir, this journal is a well-known journal in surface science.
Wu Zhengyan introduced, compared with the existing repair methods, this work innovatively proposed a new method of removing chromium in soil, breaking the technical bottleneck of soil and chromium separation, providing a kind of original technology for the remediation of chromium contaminated soils, Has a wide range of applications.
"Previously the use of natural materials such as clay, biochar and other natural materials repair technology can capture heavy metals, but can not be removed, but the magnetic recovery of this study is the biggest bright spot." Wu said that the material is environment-friendly, stable performance, The preparation method is simple, has high application value and prospect.
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