Chlorination roasting is a process in which a chlorinating agent is used to convert a target component in a mineral raw material into a gas phase or a condensed phase chloride under a certain temperature and atmosphere to separate and concentrate the target component. According to the product form, it can be divided into the following types.

(1) The chloride formed by high-temperature chlorination roasting is a gas volatilization, also known as high-temperature chlorination.

(2) The chloride formed by the medium temperature chlorination roasting is substantially solid in the calcined sand. It is then transferred to a solution by leaching, also known as chlorination roasting-leaching.

(3) This method is a method that the isolated components of interest while chloride was volatilized and that the reduction of the metal oxides are precipitated in a metallic state, and then recovered by physical beneficiation methods.

In addition, according to the oxygen content in the gas phase, it can be further divided into oxidative chlorination roasting (direct chlorination) and reduction chlorination roasting (reduction of chlorine gas). Reduced chlorination is primarily used to treat materials that are more difficult to chlorinate. Chlorination roasting with gas chlorinating agent (C12, HCl) or solid chlorinating agent (NaCI, CaC12, FeC13.

Many metal sulfides are more easily chlorinated by chlorine gas, so chlorine is most preferred as a chlorinating agent for most metal sulfides, but at high temperatures, sulfides are chlorinated with hydrogen chloride.

In addition to gaseous chlorinating agents, sodium chloride and calcium chloride are commonly used in the industry as solid chlorinating agents. The chlorination of solid chlorinating agents is mainly achieved by decomposing other components to obtain chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride.

The main factors affecting chlorination roasting are temperature, chlorinating agent type and amount, gas phase composition, gas flow rate, material particle size, porosity, material mineral composition and chemical properties, and catalysis.

Currently, the technology has been applied to chlorination roasting pyrite cinder Chin a high slag, nickel-depleted ore, laterite ore poor tin, gold and complex + Ll lean ore, the firing process may be a multi-hearth furnace, the shaft furnace, In a rotary kiln or a boiling furnace.

In addition to chlorination roasting, chlorination is also one of the effective methods for treating certain refractory ores.

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